Overview of the Rajput People of India

Overview of the Rajput People of India A Rajput is a member of northern Indias Hindu warrior caste. They live mainly in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh. The word Rajput is a contracted form of raja, or monarch, and Putra, meaning son. According to legend, only the first son of a king could inherit the kingdom, so the later sons became military leaders. From these younger sons was born the Rajput warrior caste. The term Rajaputra was first mentioned around 300 B.C., in the Bhagvat Purana. The name gradually evolved to its current shortened form. Origins of the Rajputs The Rajputs were not a separately identified group until the 6th century AD. At that time, the Gupta empire broke up and there were repeated conflicts with the Hephthalites, the White Huns. They may have been absorbed into the existing society, including leaders into the Kshatriya rank. Others from the local tribes also ranked as Rajput. The Rajputs claim descent from three basic lineages or vanshas. Suryavanshi, the Solar Dynasty, descended from Surya, the Hindu Sun-god.Chadravanshi, the Lunar Dynasty descended from Chandra, the Hindu Moon-god. They include major sub-branches of Yaduvanshi (Lord Krisha was born into this branch) and Puruvanshi.Agnivanshi, the Fire Dynasty descended from Agni, the Hindu god of fire. This lineage has four clans: Chauhans, Paramara, Solanki, and Pratiharas. These all are divided into clans who claim direct patrilineal descent from a common male ancestor. These are then divided into sub-clans, shakhas, that have their own genealogical creed, which governs the laws of intermarriage. History of the Rajputs Rajputs ruled many small kingdoms in North India from the beginning of the 7th century. They were an obstacle to the Muslim conquest in North India. While they opposed invasion by the Muslims, they also battled among each other and were loyal to their clan rather than uniting. When the Mughal empire was established, some Rajput rulers were allies and also married their daughters to the emperors for political favor. The Rajputs revolted against the Mughal empire and led to its downfall in the 1680s. In the late 18th century, Rajput rulers formed an alliance with the East India Company. By the time of British influence, Rajputs ruled most of the princely states in Rajasthan and Saurashtra. Rajput soldiers were valued by the British. Purbiya soldiers from the eastern Ganga plains had long been mercenaries for Rajput rulers. The British gave more self-rule to the Rajput princes than to other areas of India. Upon independence from Britain in 1947, the princely states voted for whether to join India, Pakistan or remain independent. Twenty-two princely states joined India as the state of Rajasthan. Rajputs are now a Forward Caste in India, meaning they do not get any preferential treatment under the system of positive discrimination. Culture and Religion of Rajputs While many Rajputs are Hindu, others are Muslim or Sikh. Rajput rulers exhibited religious toleration to a greater or lesser extent. Rajputs generally secluded their women and were seen in older times to practice female infanticide and sati (widow immolation). They are usually not vegetarians and eat pork, as well as drinking alcohol.

Architecture High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Architecture High School - Essay Example I appreciate this specific building on account of its marvellous weaving of ornamentation, function and structure. The use of ornamentation adds elements of interest to the architecture of the theatre. The picture shows the outside of pavilion. It is simple structure with a flat roof covering the interiors from top, supported by steel columns and panelled with glass and marble that act as side covers to the interiors. The picture shows the simple structure of columns on the right side with the panelled glass fitted in between two columns. The building shows experimentation with the steel frames and glass walls. In the structure, they are placed vertically or horizontally and can be freely positioned to form a flexible plan. In lines with the modernist philosophy, the building displays construction technology that was uncommon during the time it was built. It is devoid of any unnecessary ornamentation and does not follow any identified elements of any traditional architecture. The plan of Ziln was influenced by the ideas of Corbusier. Corbusier proposed the introduction of modernisation in the plan of the city, in order to meet the requirements of the day. The plan displays the axial long and uninterrupted roads that are designed to take the heavy traffic of the city and help in better commutation in an industrial city. The plan also shows different districts separated from each other that seem to be assigned with specific functions; some for residences and the other with industrial development. Pic4: p247 (234 Mies van der, Seagram Building, New York, 1958) The Seagram building by Mies Van Der Rohe, displays almost all the attributes of modernism and I like the picture of this building for the same reason. The simple forms of the entire volume of building, resembles simplest form of geometry, as advocated by modernism. Devoid of any ornamentation on the outsides and realised with the materials like steel frames and glass panes, the building utilises the modern construction technology and materials. The building is self reliant in terms of its identity and the use of forms that are self referential and do not fall back on any historical styles. In its faade, it displays originality of function with it being devoid of any ornamentation and relying only upon the extruded sections of bronze in combination with the dark tinted glass in order to achieve its aesthetics. Pic5: p.320 (328 Barragan and Goeritz, Satellite City Tower, Mexico City, 1957) Barragan, in collaboration with Goeritz designed five abstract towers in Mexico City. The picture shows a set of five buildings that are self referential and independent in terms of its architectural style and grammar. The abstract towers, with its sharp edge, bear no resemblance with any identified style of architecture. The construction style of the buildings comprises of standardised mass production, a key element of modernism. The facades are devoid of any sort of ornamentation and treatment. I personally like the boldness of the forms that fall back to the basics of geometry for its generation. Pic6: P.325 (336 Ando, Koshino House,

The best mistake i ever made was Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The best mistake i ever made was - Essay Example And I had to spend it very carefully. I was proposed two alternatives with comprehensive plan and allocation break down by the company I was working with. As I didn’t have sufficient time and money to experiment on both customers and sales team, I took a crucial decision by depending upon only on the sales force. I knew the importance of sales force feedback since it played a vital role in delivering the messages. Now I was ready with the team of 45 enthusiastic sales representatives for the drive with the target of USD 300,000 to reach in three months1. The product was launched and after a week I got the first email and that was not encouraging. It read â€Å"Dr. A had lots of queries about the messages we communicated. He called me again as he didn’t get what exactly the real benefit of the product was.† The next email read â€Å"Dr. B wants to maintain the same product for the time being. He wants me to come with more details about the product as he sees its possibilities in the market.† Our business unit director went crazy as even after ten days not a single box was sold. Now I realized that I committed a mistake. I should have tested it both externally and internally – first with customers and then with our sales team without cost. In the beginning I thought that I was probably going to fail but I didn’t give up. I went through all the negative feedback and tried to find out what went wrong about the campaign that the surgeons were left indecisive and confused though the product drew their attention. I worked the whole night studying how it could have been done better and I prepared a Product Monograph in one day. I got the approval in two days and in the beginning of the second week of the second month my team started providing all the surgeons they met in previous month with detailed information that they needed to make a favorable decision. By the end of second month we achieved

Culture in an African Country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Culture in an African Country - Essay Example Some of the several communities that live in this country include the kikuyu community, the Maasai, the Luo, the Kalejin community, the Samburu, and the Turkana community. The kikuyu This is the largest ethnic group in the Kenya. It is a sub tribe of the Abantu community. They speak the kikuyu language and migrated to the country four centuries ago. According to Kikuyu, the founder was of the tribe was known as Gikuyu. They had a Divine spirit called Ngai who lived at the top of Mount Kenya. Ngai gave him a wife known as Mumbi with whom they bore nine daughters. These daughters helped to create the nine sub clans of the kikuyu people. The kikuyu were highly successful in expanding throughout the fertile areas since they are a farming community. The main crops that they cultivated were bananas, sugarcane, millet, maize, yams, black beans, beans, and a variety of vegetables. This also formed their daily diet. In addition to cultivation, they also raised cattle, which would provide milk , hide, and skin. Goats and sheep could be used for sacrifices and purification ceremonies and rituals. The kikuyu community were traders who traded with their neighboring community through barter trade. They would organize local markets in populated areas where they exchanged cattle, agricultural produce, tobacco, iron implements, and ochre. Their main trading partners were the Maasai, Akamba, and Okiek. The kikuyu also had a well-organized political system, which would organize and administer the community. The political system would mainly be based on age groups and age sets where the elders had the mandate to administer. The basic administration unit was the family, which exists until today. The youths who wanted to become warriors in the community had to undergo circumcision. This also granted them the opportunity to marry daughters in their community. They later on graduated to the council of elders and a few of them made it into the secret council whose mandate was to settle disputes in the community (Muriuki 39-62). This culture has been incorporated in their modern lifestyles, as they are known to have an entrepreneurial culture. This has led to rural urban migration are the dominant community living in urban centers. The Maasai The Maasai had a religion with a divine spirit known Enkai. They believe one day the heaven split, and the first Maasai descended from heaven, with a large herd of cattle. They offer sacrifice of a cow to their God during important ceremonies. In addition, they have a diviner known as Laibon who they consult whenever there emerges a misfortune. The Maasai in Kenya is directly related to the Maasai in the neighboring country of Tanzania. They are Nilotic speakers who are very closely related to the Turkana, the Kalenjin, and the Samburu tribes in Kenya. They are largely pastoralists’ community who rear unusually large herd of cattle. This is the backbone of their economy. They are a sign of wealth and a measure of value to them. The young men are responsible for herding the cattle to different parts of the country where there are greener pastures. They have a culture of raiding homes to steal livestock from different communities. Similarly, to the Gikuyu community, the Maasai community politics is based on age group systems, which separate young men and

BLACK DEATH :: essays research papers

There have been many killers in the history of the world. There have been serial killers, there have been murders. But none of them can compare to these two killers. Aids and The Bubonic Plague(The Black Death) They have been the worse killers because when they strike, we have no way of curing them. Both of these diseases are fatal. There is no cure for them. That is what makes these two so frightening and scary. We have no idea where these two epidemics came from, there have been stipulation but no single person can say where they originated or who or what brought either of the two. Eventually the Bubonic plague stopped after claiming 1/4 of Europe's population. Unfortunately Aids does not look like it will die down any time soon. These diseases have been the worse killers of our time. But there are some similarities between the two.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Black Death(Bubonic Plague) began in Central Asia in the 14th century in the mid-1300's. It was said to have lasted over 400 years. Its symptoms were the swelling of the armpits and other areas of the body, mostly the groin and the neck, another symptom would be rings around your cheeks, the main symptom was black patches around the skin caused by bleeding around the buboes(swollen lymph glands). About one fourth of Europe died within a few years after the Plague was introduced to Europe in 1347. Europe wasn't the only place to be hit with the Plague. The Far East was also affected by it to, though not as severe as Europe was. Many scientists and people believe that rats and other rodents brought the epidemic to Europe. Most Epidemics are most likely to occur when rats live closely with humans in areas where there is poverty with poor sanitation and that also share an environment with wild rodents that have plague bacteria. The bubonic Plague eventually came t o an end. It ended for many different reasons. Seasonal or weather changes can greatly affect the survival of the rodent host or fleas. Measures were also taken to control rodents and fleas, sanitation measures were also taken along with the use of antibiotics to prevent the disease. When the Bubonic Plague first came to Europe nobody knew what to do. The affects that it had on Europe was tremendous. Entire villages and cities were taken out by the plague. BLACK DEATH :: essays research papers There have been many killers in the history of the world. There have been serial killers, there have been murders. But none of them can compare to these two killers. Aids and The Bubonic Plague(The Black Death) They have been the worse killers because when they strike, we have no way of curing them. Both of these diseases are fatal. There is no cure for them. That is what makes these two so frightening and scary. We have no idea where these two epidemics came from, there have been stipulation but no single person can say where they originated or who or what brought either of the two. Eventually the Bubonic plague stopped after claiming 1/4 of Europe's population. Unfortunately Aids does not look like it will die down any time soon. These diseases have been the worse killers of our time. But there are some similarities between the two.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Black Death(Bubonic Plague) began in Central Asia in the 14th century in the mid-1300's. It was said to have lasted over 400 years. Its symptoms were the swelling of the armpits and other areas of the body, mostly the groin and the neck, another symptom would be rings around your cheeks, the main symptom was black patches around the skin caused by bleeding around the buboes(swollen lymph glands). About one fourth of Europe died within a few years after the Plague was introduced to Europe in 1347. Europe wasn't the only place to be hit with the Plague. The Far East was also affected by it to, though not as severe as Europe was. Many scientists and people believe that rats and other rodents brought the epidemic to Europe. Most Epidemics are most likely to occur when rats live closely with humans in areas where there is poverty with poor sanitation and that also share an environment with wild rodents that have plague bacteria. The bubonic Plague eventually came t o an end. It ended for many different reasons. Seasonal or weather changes can greatly affect the survival of the rodent host or fleas. Measures were also taken to control rodents and fleas, sanitation measures were also taken along with the use of antibiotics to prevent the disease. When the Bubonic Plague first came to Europe nobody knew what to do. The affects that it had on Europe was tremendous. Entire villages and cities were taken out by the plague.

Sleep Apnea Devices Market Worth $19.72 Billion by 2017

The â€Å"Sleep Apnea Diagnostic & Therapeutic Devices Market [Polysomnographs, Respiratory Polygraphs, Pulse Oximeters, CPAP, Masks, Adaptive Servo-Ventilation (ASV), Oral Appliances, Nasal EPAP, Neurostimulation] Global End-user Analysis, Competitive Landscape & Forecast to 2017† analyzes and studies the major market drivers, restraints, and opportunities in North America, Europe, Asia, and Rest of the World. Browse 147 market data tables spread through 318 pagesand in-depth TOC of â€Å"Sleep Apnea Diagnostic & Therapeutic Devices Market [Polysomnographs, Respiratory Polygraphs, Pulse Oximeters, CPAP, Masks, Adaptive Servo-Ventilation (ASV), Oral Appliances, Nasal EPAP, Neurostimulation] Global End-user Analysis, Competitive Landscape & Forecast to 2017†. http://www. marketsandmarkets. com/Market-Reports/sleep-apnea-devices-market-719. html Early buyers will receive 10% customization on reports. This report studies the global sleep apnea devices market, with forecast to 2017. Sleep problems are touted as a ‘global epidemic’ and sleep apnea is a crucial contributor to this disorder. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep apnea; around 84% of people with sleep apnea are diagnosed with the disease. Studies suggest that about 100 million people worldwide are suspected to have obstructive sleep apnea, of which more than 80% remain undiagnosed. Sleep apnea is a relatively new market in the medical field, gaining momentum at a fast pace, especially in developed geographies. The demand for sleep apnea devices is slated to increase at a faster pace, owing to gradually increasing awareness among both patients and the medical fraternity. The global sleep apnea devices market was valued at $7. 96 billion in the year 2011 and is expected to reach $19. 72 billion by the year 2017. North America was the largest sleep apnea devices market, followed by Europe and Asia. North America will continue to lead the sleep apnea device market in the next few years, followed by Europe. The Asian region’s contribution to the global sleep apnea device market is expected to pick up in the coming years, as the medical condition gets more recognition. The global sleep apnea devices market, which is broadly classified into Diagnostic Devices and Therapeutic Devices, is witnessing high competitive intensity. Segment rivalry is high, as there are a few well-established firms and several small firms with similar product offerings. The market is dominated by Philips Respironics and ResMed, Inc. , which jointly comprise 70% of the market. Fisher and Paykel Healthcare, CareFusion Corporation, Natus Medical Incorporated, DeVilbiss Healthcare, Weinmann Medical Devices, etc. are some of the other prominent players in the global sleep apnea devices market.

The Reliability Of The Material - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 745 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/04 Category Biology Essay Level High school Tags: Animal Testing Essay Did you like this example? Animals have emotions just like humans which is why many people are against animal testing. However having products tested on animals shows the reliability of the material as well and the safety of it. This ongoing controversy of whether animals should be tested has it pros and cons. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Reliability Of The Material" essay for you Create order Animals will get hurt and some sadly die yet peoples health will benefit since products will be tested on animals first to make sure they are safe to use. The newspaper Love Your Dog, Support Animal Research, authored by Matthew R. Bailey claims that if you love your pet you should support animal testing. On the other side of the debate, Paula Moore in her article ?As the Netherlands Phases Out Animal Experimentation, Will Other Countries Follow? states that doing tests on animals should be illegal. To start of her article, Moore uses pathos to get to the readers feelings. Reading the article will show how horrible the vulnerable animals are left after experiments. The title states that Netherlands is working to end all experiments on animals it goes to show that if the Dutch government can make such massive decision about such topic other countries should follow too. Animals get treated very poorly infected with disease, force-fed chemicals, blinded, burned, mutilated and left to suffer without veterinary care inside laboratories which is very devastating since many defenseless animals die to this dreadful experiments. Animals have feelings just like animals and should be treated with respect. Moore grabs the attention of all the animal lovers by including scenarios in her article. She brings out all the horrific possible outcomes that could happen in the future if animal testing continues. For example, she says that there is better ways to conduct research in a more efficient way since it is morally wrong to poison, infect, burn and cut up animals in a laboratory. This just shows the readers how poorly animals get treated and how they end up. Animals cannot defend themselves from the start which is easy for scientists to just get them and experiment. Matthew R. Bailey begins his newspaper by using a great hook dog owners may soon be able to add years to their pets lives, thanks to an experimental antiaging pill this will get the readers to be thankful that such experiments exist. Basically what he is trying to say in other words is that if you love something let it go. He tries to convey a powerful message that if you love you dog, supporting animal research is the way to go. In the future they can come up with new medicines that can benefit both animals and humans without nobody getting hurt. He also used ethos in his article by saying animal food and vaccines all have been developed through humane research which he is correct since new creations are made thru various tests done. Bailey included various examples on how animal testing has helped cure many diseases and how it can be beneficial for them too since they are finding cures for them too. In the end of his newspaper he says the following discouraging studies condemns animals to unnecessary suffering and death from preventable illness this just goes to show that with animal research animals can prevent certain illness and even death. Including statistics about the disease Ebola shows both ethos and logos since the readers will find him credible for all the information he gathered including Journal of Infectious Diseases. Logos is used since he used data to back up his information which included the percentage of chimpanzee that Ebola has killed. Both authors used pathos in both of their essay to get to the readers heart. Paula Moore gave a insight of all the awful things that happen to animals in a laboratory. Including what animals go thru and how they are efficient methods to experimenting things. Meanwhile Paula Moore shows good points as to why it is beneficial to do animal research. Not only does it benefit animals with new creations to be made for them but also humans which will be useful for us not get harmed with new products being made. They both provided the readers with statistics on the outcomes of being against it and the benefits of supporting animal research. Moore made her point clear that there are better ways to conduct research rather than harming animals. Bailey noted that if you are a true animal lovers you should support animal research.