Shoplifting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Shoplifting - Essay Example The suspect is an alcoholic, unemployed, with no food in his house, leaves in filthy conditions and is a serial shoplifter which he admits to do it again to fund his alcoholism. From the labeling theory perspective, the initial act of shoplifting is normal and it is the interaction with those respond to it that causes deviance. Shoplifting is brought to the notice of police only after it is detected by the staff of shop, detective or public. In Gibben's study of shoplifting from the statistics of "Larceny from Shops and stalls" of 1935-1960, it was showed that the number fluctuated between 1949 and 1955 but have subsequently increased by substantial portions; and from the information presented, he argued that with both adults and children, the numbers are largely dependent upon the arresting and charging policy of the shops and there have been changes in policy between 1949 and 1959 in particular instances.(NG Wai Yee, nd:40-51)2 The suspect admits that he will continue with his practice as it would be difficult to regain his identity and sense of self efficacy. The suspects inclusion in the society will be further outlawed leading to social exclusion which in turn will lead to more incidents of shoplifting and may be other adverse crimes to support his livelihood. Relying on the strain theory, it is evident that suspect has indulged in such acts just because of addiction towards alcoholic materials, which he has admitted.3 From the society's and community's perspective which does not support or provide support to such accused, he should be present before the court as it may do no world of good to him by not confining him. According to Charles A. Sennewald, the only person who can arrest the suspect is the one who has seen it actually happening. The process of 'stop' is to impede or interrupt the customer by the staff to inquire about the transaction and extract a satisfactory explanation. Detention occurs based only on probable cause and the duration is used to investigate the circumstances of the event in which the act has happened. Thereafter is the suspect admits his crime, its up to the manager to call the police who makes an official arrest and the case is transferred from private affair to criminal justice system.4 In some cases, manager can let go the suspect sometimes by taking back the lifted goods or by imposing fines on the lifted goods, etc. In some cases, the staff or manager tend to show sympathy towards such unhappy, unemployed, alcoholic addicted person who has make his livelihood through such felony. But again, such acts may encourage him to commit such crimes again and again which ma y tamper the reputation and costs of the stores and retail shops and other malls, etc. Peter Honey and Alan Mumford developed their learning styles system as a variation on the Kolb model while working on a project for the Chloride Corporation in the 1970's. The stages originated from the work of David Kolb's Learning Styles. The first stage is to have an experience, wherein people use other people's work and rely on their analysis. This style is similar to that of Accommodating Stage where people prefer to work in teams to complete tasks and actively work in the field trying different ways to achieve target. Honey and

Square Pharma Essay Example for Free

Square Pharma Essay The scope of the report was based on the annual reports web site, input from interviews of executives of the SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited. To analyze the situation in question, we worked on focusing on SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited and analyzing their objectives, market strategies, market situations, product mixes, etc. The analysis was based on the exposed and available information only. In-depth data were not always available on-demand due to some unavailable reasons. SWOT analysis of the company has been done. Objective of the study: The specific objectives aimed for this report is to analyze the environmental factors that influence the marketing sector of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited. Methodology: Information used to prepare this report has been collected from both the primary and secondary sources which together provided more comprehensive information. Collection of the data: An open discussion method was followed to gather primary information by informally interviewing the various executives of the company. Participants were purposefully selected as they commonly engaged in marketing directly or indirectly. Observations were also used to collect primary data while working in different desks. The secondary data was accumulated from two sources- a. internal and b. external. The former sources were annual reports, periodicals, articles and brochures published by the company. So in later we use journals, research papers and articles from various online sources. Limitations of the Study: This report suffered from several limitations: †¢ The most important of them was â€Å"time constraint†. Time was not adequate to complete the study more perfectly. †¢ Another important limitation was â€Å"inaccessibility in many section of the organization†. We confronted difficulties in getting appointment from the desired respondents as well as appropriate response from the selected respondents due to being confidential for the company. †¢ This report also suffered from inadequate secondary information. †¢ This report’s factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. †¢ The findings may not be generalized to the SPL as a whole. About SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd: SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited is the largest pharmaceutical Company in Bangladesh and is leading the Pharmaceuticals sector from the very beginning. It has been continuously in the 1st position among all national and multinational companies since 1985. It was established in 1958 and converted into a public limited company in 1991. The sales turnover of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd was more than Taka 7.5 Billion (US$ 107.91 million) with about 16.92%market share (April 2006– March 2007) having a growth rate of about 23.17%. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited is an organization with equal emphasis on Leadership, Technology, Quality and Passion. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is the leading branded generic pharmaceutical manufacturer in Bangladesh producing essential and other ethical drugs and medicines by maintaining the quality. SQUARE today symbolizes a name a state of mind. But its journey to the growth and prosperity has been no bed of roses. From the inception in 1958, it has today burgeoned into one of the top line conglomerates in Bangladesh. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd., the flagship company, is holding the strong leadership position in the pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh since 1985and is now on its way to becoming a high performance global player. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals started as a Partnership Firm in 1958. It converted into a Private Limited Company in 1964. The company made its initial price offering in 1995. It has achieved MHRA certificate as the first pharmaceutical company of Bangladesh. Environmental factors influencing the marketing activities of SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd: Environmental factors and forces that exist in our outside marketing affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationship with target customers. And successful companies like â€Å"SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd† know the vital importance of constantly watching and adapting to the changing environment. Microenvironment of SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd: TheCompany: In designing marketing plans marketing management takes other company groups into account-groups such as top management, finance, research and development, purchasing, operations and accounting. SQUARE strives for best compensation to all the employees who constitute the back-bone of the management and operational strength of the company through a pay-package composing salary/wages, allowances, bonuses, profit participation, leave salary and superannuation retirement benefits. Suppliers: Suppliers like as- different in regents of making pharmaceuticals products, packaging related products and others. They provide the resources needed by the company to produce its goods and services. Supplier’s problem can seriously affect marketing. SQUARE strives for the best co-operation of suppliers who offer them at the best prices at the opportune moments. Marketing Intermediaries: Marketing intermediaries includes resellers, physical distribution firms, marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd do not have physical distribution firms or marketing services. But they influenced by reseller and financial intermediaries to market their goods and services. Customers: The five types of customer markets are consumer, business, reseller, government and international market. Square strives, for top quality health care products at the least cost reaching the lowest rungs of the economic class of people in the country. Square values our social obligations. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd have enough capturing power in all the customer markets. That is why they are in leading role in pharmaceuticals business in Bangladesh. Competitors: The marketing concept states that to be successful, a company must provide greater customers value and satisfaction than its competitors do. A team of scientific pharmaceutical experts who continuously conduct research development programs for improving quality of products, reduction of cost, adaptation of products that are free of intellectual property rights and innovative products. These efforts have enabled the company to add new products to its product lines every year to the benefit of the common men of the country and the shareholders. The success in this field has secured the leading position for the company in the pharmaceutical sector. Publics: Any group has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organizational ability to achieve its objectives. They are financial, media, government, citizen action, local, general and internal publics. SQUARE strives for best compensation to all the employees who constitute the back-bone of the management and operational strength of the company through a pay-package composing salary/wages, allowances, bonuses, profit participation, leave salary and superannuation retirement benefits. Square strives for practicing good-governance in every sphere of activities covering inter alia not being limited to, disclosure reporting to shareholders, holding AGM in time, distribution of dividends and other benefits to shareholders, reporting/dissemination of price sensitive information, acquisition of shares by insiders, recruitment promotion of staff, procurement supplies, sale of assets etc. all that directly and indirectly affect the interest of concerned groups the shareholders, the creditors, suppliers, employees, government and the public in general. Macro environment of SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd: Demographic environment: Demography is the study of human, populations in terms of age, density, location, gender, race, occupation and other. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd is the pioneer of pharmaceuticals business in our country. So they our countries overall population and gradually they are capturing the international market. Square strives for equality between sexes, races, religions and regions in all spheres of our operation without any discriminatory treatment. Economic environment: This environment consists of buying and selling pattern, spending power, income, saving patterns of a group and this environment can discussed in two ways – (1) Subsistence and (2) Industrial economics. Square owes their shareholders and strive for protection of their capital as well as ensure highest return and growth of their assets. SQUARE pharmaceutical is influenced by the economic environment of our country directly. Economic conditions influence the growth and continuation of their entire business operations. Natural environment: Marketers take natural resources as input. Considerations of marketers in case of their awareness about natural resources are (1) Shortage in supply of raw materials (2) Increased population (3) Government interventions, SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd produce and distributes their product by their own. So they are aware of above and considerations for their betterment. Square strives for an environment free from pollution and poisoning. Technological environment: Incase of capture the following and need markets, marketers should consider the facts and they are (1) Accelerating pace of technological change, (2) New markets and opportunities, (3) Innovational oppurtunities.The international market become more competitive due to globalization. So technological environment and it’s considering factors are a matter of concern of importer and their marketing. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd is endeavoring to upgrade and adopt new technology in production, quality control, distribution and administration of its products to patients. During the year (2007-2008) the company invested an amount of Tk. 36,424,234 in improving its Laboratory. Political environment: The considerations of political environment are- (1) Legislation regulation of business, (2) Changing government agency enforcement, (3) Increased emphasis on ethics and society, (4) Political situation. The political condition of our country is not so stable. So SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd faced many damage due to change in political condition of our country. Square strives for fulfillment the responsibility to the government through payment of entire range of due taxes, duties and claims by various public agencies like municipalities etc. Cultural environment: Incase of cultural environment, a company should think about following considerations (1) People views of themselves, (2) People views of society,(3) People views of organization (4) People views of nature,(5) People views of universe. Square strives for the achievement of millennium development goals for the human civilization. Square strives for an environment free from pollution and poisoning. Square strives, as responsible citizen, for a social order devoid of malpractices, anti-environmental behaviors, unethical and immoral activities and corruptive dealings.

Artificial Intelligence Essay -- Science

Overview Way back in 1965, technologist Herbert Simon stated that, â€Å"Machines will be capable, within 20 years, of doing any work a man can do† (Vardi, 2012). Nearly fifty years later, this world has been impacted by artificial intelligence (AI) equipped technologies in major ways. The threat of AI equipped computer systems and machinery taking jobs away from humans is becoming a harsh reality (Vardi, 2012). As with every innovative technology there are positive and negative externalities involved. This paper will: define AI, discuss positives and negatives involved with implementing AI systems, explore several types of different ways AI equipped systems are tested, and venture into the current stage of AI systems primarily IBM’s Watson project. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Defined Artificial intelligence (AI) can simply be defined as â€Å"the application of human intelligence to computers† (Shelly & Vermaat 2010). John McCarthy, a professor at Stanford University in the Computer Science Department describes AI as, â€Å"the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. The similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable† (McCarthy 2007). The book Management Information Systems, written by Kenneth Laudon and Jane Laudon (2012) describes AI as, â€Å"technology, which consists of computer-based systems (both hardware and software) that attempt to emulate human behavior† (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 457). These systems can, â€Å"learn languages, accomplish physical tasks, use perceptual apparatus, and emulate human expertise and decision making† (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 457). Essentially... ...., & Laoui, T. (2010). Development of an AI-based Rapid Manufacturing Advice System. International Journal Of Production Research, 48(8), 2261-2278. Noor, A. K. (2010). Preparing for the Intelligence Era. Mechanical Engineering, 132(11), 24-28. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Putting the ' Smarts' into the Smart Grid: A Grand Challenge for Artificial Intelligence. (2012). Communications of the ACM, 55(4), 86-97. doi:10.1145/2133806.2133825 Shelly, G & Vermaat, M. (2010). Discovering Computers 2010. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Shieber, S. M. (2007). The Turing Test as Interactive Proof. Nous, 41(4), 686-713. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0068.2007.00636.x Vardi, M. Y. (2012). Artificial Intelligence: Past and Future. Communications Of The ACM, 55(1), 5. doi:10.1145/2063176.2063177 Von Drehle, D. (2010). Meet Dr. Robot. Time, 176(24), 44-49. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Artificial Intelligence Essay -- Science Overview Way back in 1965, technologist Herbert Simon stated that, â€Å"Machines will be capable, within 20 years, of doing any work a man can do† (Vardi, 2012). Nearly fifty years later, this world has been impacted by artificial intelligence (AI) equipped technologies in major ways. The threat of AI equipped computer systems and machinery taking jobs away from humans is becoming a harsh reality (Vardi, 2012). As with every innovative technology there are positive and negative externalities involved. This paper will: define AI, discuss positives and negatives involved with implementing AI systems, explore several types of different ways AI equipped systems are tested, and venture into the current stage of AI systems primarily IBM’s Watson project. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Defined Artificial intelligence (AI) can simply be defined as â€Å"the application of human intelligence to computers† (Shelly & Vermaat 2010). John McCarthy, a professor at Stanford University in the Computer Science Department describes AI as, â€Å"the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. The similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable† (McCarthy 2007). The book Management Information Systems, written by Kenneth Laudon and Jane Laudon (2012) describes AI as, â€Å"technology, which consists of computer-based systems (both hardware and software) that attempt to emulate human behavior† (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 457). These systems can, â€Å"learn languages, accomplish physical tasks, use perceptual apparatus, and emulate human expertise and decision making† (Laudon & Laudon, 2012, p. 457). Essentially... ...., & Laoui, T. (2010). Development of an AI-based Rapid Manufacturing Advice System. International Journal Of Production Research, 48(8), 2261-2278. Noor, A. K. (2010). Preparing for the Intelligence Era. Mechanical Engineering, 132(11), 24-28. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Putting the ' Smarts' into the Smart Grid: A Grand Challenge for Artificial Intelligence. (2012). Communications of the ACM, 55(4), 86-97. doi:10.1145/2133806.2133825 Shelly, G & Vermaat, M. (2010). Discovering Computers 2010. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Shieber, S. M. (2007). The Turing Test as Interactive Proof. Nous, 41(4), 686-713. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0068.2007.00636.x Vardi, M. Y. (2012). Artificial Intelligence: Past and Future. Communications Of The ACM, 55(1), 5. doi:10.1145/2063176.2063177 Von Drehle, D. (2010). Meet Dr. Robot. Time, 176(24), 44-49. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

The ENIAC Project: Its Significance in Computer Science and Society Ess

The ENIAC Project: Its Significance in Computer Science and Society â€Å"†¦With the advent of everyday use of elaborate calculations, speed has become paramount to such a high degree that there is no machine on the market today capable of satisfying the full demand of modern computational methods. The most advanced machines have greatly reduced the time required for arriving at solutions to problems which might have required months or days by older procedures. This advance, however, is not adequate for many problems encountered in modern scientific work and the present invention is intended to reduce to seconds such lengthy computations†¦Ã¢â‚¬  From the ENIAC patent (No. 3,120,606), filed 26 June 1947. When World War II broke out in 1939 the United States was severely technologically disabled. There existed almost nothing in the way of mathematical innovations that had been integrated into military use. Therefore, the government placed great emphasis on the development of electronic technology that could be used in battle. Although it began as a simple computer that would aid the army in computing firing tables for artillery, what eventually was the result was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). Before the ENIAC it took over 20 hours for a skilled mathematician to complete a single computation for a firing situation. When the ENIAC was completed and unveiled to the public on Valentine’s Day in 1946 it could complete such a complex problem in 30 seconds. The ENIAC was used quite often by the military but never contributed any spectacular or necessary data. The main significance of the ENIAC was that it was an incredible achievement in the field of comput er science and can be considered the first digital and per... ...) - â€Å"John W. Mauchly and the Development of the ENIAC Computer.† Penn Library Exhibitions. http://www.library.upenn.edu/exhibits/rbm/maucly/jwm6.html (7) - Soulliere, Cynthia. The Women of ENIAC. http://www.gecdsb.on.ca/d&g/women/women.htm (8) - Soulliere, Cynthia. The Women of ENIAC. http://www.gecdsb.on.ca/d&g/women/women.htm Other Sources Used: Moye, William T. ENIAC: The Army-Sponsored Revolution. ARL Historian, January 1996 Goldstine, Herman H. "Computers at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School." The Jayne Lecture. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol 136, No.1. January 24, 1991 "Past Notable Women of Computing." http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html "WITI Hall of Fame." http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac/php "Why Build Computers?" The Military Role in Computer Research

Fantasy’s Inability to Overcome Reality Essay

Although Williams’s protagonist in A Streetcar Named Desire is the romantic Blanche DuBois, the play is a work of social realism. Blanche explains to Mitch that she fibs because she refuses to accept the hand fate has dealt her. Lying to herself and to others allows her to make life appear as it should be rather than as it is. Stanley, a practical man firmly grounded in the physical world, disdains Blanche’s fabrications and does everything he can to unravel them. The antagonistic relationship between Blanche and Stanley is a struggle between appearances and reality. It propels the play’s plot and creates an overarching tension. Ultimately, Blanche’s attempts to remake her own and Stella’s existences? to rejuvenate her life and to save Stella from a life with Stanley? fail. One of the main ways Williams dramatizes fantasy’s inability to overcome reality is through an exploration of the boundary between exterior and interior. The set of the play consists of the two-room Kowalski apartment and the surrounding street. Williams’s use of a flexible set that allows the street to be seen at the same time as the interior of the home expresses the notion that the home is not a domestic sanctuary. The Kowalskis’ apartment cannot be a self-defined world that is impermeable to greater reality. The characters leave and enter the apartment throughout the play, often bringing with them the problems they encounter in the larger environment. For example, Blanche refuses to leave her prejudices against the working class behind her at the door. The most notable instance of this effect occurs just before Stanley rapes Blanche, when the back wall of the apartment becomes transparent to show the struggles occurring on the street, foreshadowing the violation that is about to take place in the Kowalskis’ home. Though reality triumphs over fantasy in A Streetcar Named Desire, Williams suggests that fantasy is an important and useful tool. At the end of the play, Blanche’s retreat into her own private fantasies enables her to partially shield herself from reality’s harsh blows. Blanche’s insanity emerges as she retreats fully into herself, leaving the objective world behind in order to avoid accepting reality. In order to escape fully, however, Blanche must come to perceive the exterior world as that which she imagines in her head. Thus, objective reality is not an antidote to Blanche’s fantasy world; rather, Blanche adapts the exterior world to fit her delusions. In both the physical and the psychological realms, the boundary between fantasy and reality is permeable. Blanche’s final, deluded happiness suggests that, to some extent, fantasy is a vital force at play in every individual’s experience, despite reality’s inevitable triumph.

Failing Mental Health Care System in Georgia essays

Failing Mental Health Care System in Georgia essays For every four Americans, one will have to face some sort of mental illness at least once, (Spencer A-8). In fact, more Americans suffer from schizophrenia than from HIV/AIDS. In Georgia alone, an estimated 623,000 individuals suffer with major depression, (Spencer A-8). Along with depression, 242,000 are afflicted with some form of bipolar disorder and around 93,000 with schizophrenia. This has then resulted in extreme overcrowding of local and state hospitals mental care units, (). Low funds, lack of qualified staff, and even civil rights violations have all plagued Georgias mental care facilities within the past few years. Georgias mental healthcare is in complete chaos, Its not just failing, its broken, (Spencer A-8). Despite the large numbers of mentally ill patients in Georgia, local and state elections rarely touch on the failing healthcare system geared towards mental health. Many believe that this issue fails to take prominence within elections based on the idea that very few individuals suffering from mental illness, who are the very individuals being failed by the Georgia healthcare system, do not actually financially contribute to political campaigns within the region, (Spencer A-8). This then creates a vicious cycle where would-be politicians and legislators fail to truly acknowledge the withering George system in place for its masses of mentally ill patients. Politicians are often discouraged in bringing light to the issue based on fear of loosing votes because of such massive spending on the mentally ill, (Spencer A-8). Over the past six years, this has resulted in scandals leading to 136 deaths within mental health care facilities. In 2008, this issue came to a complete head when federal authorities stepped in to further asses the situation currently going on in Georgias mental health care facilities. Federal regulators then deemed Georgias Regional Hos...

Free Essays on Indonesia

General Profile Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago. Archipelago is any water space scattered with many islands. This group of islands is located in Southeastern Asia and acts as a dividing line between the Indian and the Pacific Oceans. To find Indonesia on a map, the geographic coordinates of 5 00 south, 120 00 east are given to aid in the search. With its total area being 1,919,440 sq. km., 1,826,440 sq. km. of that being land and 93,000 sq. km. being water, Indonesia is said to be slightly less than three times the size of Texas. Although Indonesia is a group of islands, it contains 2,602 km. in land boundaries. These land boundaries are divided between Indonesia’s two border countries of Malaysia, which has a boundary of 1,782 km., and Papua New Guinea, whose land boundary with Indonesia is much less than that of Malaysia with a total of 820 km. Due to the numerous islands that make up the country of Indonesia, its total coastline is extremely high with a total of 54,716 ! km. The geographic coordinates and total coastline of Indonesia has a huge impact on the climate. This country’s climate is described as tropical, hot, and humid with the more moderate temperatures in highlands. The highlands are found on the larger islands but the majority of Indonesia’s terrain is coastal lowlands. The highest elevation point is at Puncak Jaya with the height of 5,030 m. and the lowest point is the Indian Ocean with a measurement of 0 m. Indonesia’s location makes it very vulnerable to natural hazards. These hazards include occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanoes. With Indonesia’s variety in land elevation and climate, the actual land usage is mainly woodlands and forests (62%). The remaining percentage of the land is divided fairly evenly between arable land, permanent crops, and permanent pastures. Indonesia does, however, have a wide variety of natural resourc... Free Essays on Indonesia Free Essays on Indonesia General Profile Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago. Archipelago is any water space scattered with many islands. This group of islands is located in Southeastern Asia and acts as a dividing line between the Indian and the Pacific Oceans. To find Indonesia on a map, the geographic coordinates of 5 00 south, 120 00 east are given to aid in the search. With its total area being 1,919,440 sq. km., 1,826,440 sq. km. of that being land and 93,000 sq. km. being water, Indonesia is said to be slightly less than three times the size of Texas. Although Indonesia is a group of islands, it contains 2,602 km. in land boundaries. These land boundaries are divided between Indonesia’s two border countries of Malaysia, which has a boundary of 1,782 km., and Papua New Guinea, whose land boundary with Indonesia is much less than that of Malaysia with a total of 820 km. Due to the numerous islands that make up the country of Indonesia, its total coastline is extremely high with a total of 54,716 ! km. The geographic coordinates and total coastline of Indonesia has a huge impact on the climate. This country’s climate is described as tropical, hot, and humid with the more moderate temperatures in highlands. The highlands are found on the larger islands but the majority of Indonesia’s terrain is coastal lowlands. The highest elevation point is at Puncak Jaya with the height of 5,030 m. and the lowest point is the Indian Ocean with a measurement of 0 m. Indonesia’s location makes it very vulnerable to natural hazards. These hazards include occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanoes. With Indonesia’s variety in land elevation and climate, the actual land usage is mainly woodlands and forests (62%). The remaining percentage of the land is divided fairly evenly between arable land, permanent crops, and permanent pastures. Indonesia does, however, have a wide variety of natural resourc...