Commentary On The Poem Of The Cid Essays - El Cid,

Commentary On The Poem Of The Cid Chris Irwin Commentary on Poem of the Cid Poetry played a vital role in the dissemination of information during the Crusade period. It provided a compact, easily memorized way of spreading news in a time bereft of the benefit of mass printing. According to Michael Routledge, who penned a chapter on Crusade songs and poetry in The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades, poetry was not only a way of recording and spreading news of current events, but also served to record and extoll the virtues and values of the ruling Medieval aristocracy. These values included commitment to one's lord, and an acceptance of the feudal duties of auxilium (armed help in time of attack by enemies) and consilium (counsel and rendering of justice) (Routledge 97). A fine example of poetry's use in the above context can be found in Paul Blackburn's translation of the medieval Spanish epic Poem of the Cid. The poem is a fictional account of the life of the eleventh-century adventurer and military commander Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar. The poem's title derives from Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar's Arabic title, Sayyidi (the Cid) or My Lord. The poem's content describes a series of events transpiring after the main character, the Cid, is exiled from his homeland. Within the body of the poem, situations extolling the medieval virtues of commitment to one's lord, auxilium, and consilium are revealed. The theme of commitment to one's lord is prevalent throughout the Poem of the Cid. Initially, the Cid is exiled because his enemies have turned his lord, King Alfonso, against him. Despite being banished from his home and family, the Cid uses every opportunity that comes his way to show his valor and loyalty to Alfonso. In reality, being exiled should have turned a man like the Cid into a freebooter who had the right to earn a living however possible for himself and his followers. As a free agent, so to speak, the Cid would have been able to claim authority over whatever territory he conquered, and could even wage war against his former lord (Nelson 1). Instead, the Cid continues to carry out his duties as a vassal in absentia. The Cid's adventures take him deep into the interior of Moorish Spain and yield a multitude of spoils. Throughout the poem, the Cid sends Alfonso a share of these riches, as a token of his loyalty. On three separate occasions, the Cid sends his loyal vassal, t he knight Minaya, to deliver horses taken in battle to Alfonso. The horses, eventually totaling 330, serve as a catalyst for the Cid regaining his lord's favor. The first attempt fails, but the second gains the Cid the right to be reunited with his wife and two daughters. The third equine gift, after his conquest of Valencia and subsequent defeat of a Muslim army sent to relieve the city, gains him back his former status. In addition to portraying the Cid as a an exemplar of what a loyal vassal should be, the Poem of the Cid also serves as a guide on how to be a excellent lord. He is generous to his followers and is respectful of their ideas and advice. He trusts the loyal Minaya to act as his intermediary to Alfonso. During the trial to end the Poem, the Cid's vassals offer up a challenge to arms in order to protect his honor (Nelson 1) The University of Kansas's Lynn Nelson sees the Cid's reconciliation gifts as a test of Alfonso's honor. She says the gifts appear to honor the king, but in effect are presented as a temptation: It would appear as if Rodrigo is simply honoring Alfonso, but he is in fact tempting him. Alfonso should refuse the horses, since a lord accepts such gifts only from a vassal, or he should take the horses and take (the Cid) back into his favor. He does neither....instead he points out that Manaya is his vassal and in his favor....and accepts the horses as a gift from Manaya, offering nothing in return. (Nelson 2). According to Nelson, Alfonso's failure to act properly in each situation in which he is put by the Cid leads to the commitment theme of

Solomons Temple Essays - Books Of Kings, Holy Of Holies, Yom Kippur

Solomon's Temple Essays - Books Of Kings, Holy Of Holies, Yom Kippur Solomon's Temple Introduction Looking back at some of the earliest years of Gods chosen people, we can see that worship played quite a significant role in the everyday lives of the people. Until the temple in Jerusalem was built, there was no real establishment or unification of the people since their captivity to Egypt. Solomon, one of Israels first few kings, built the Temple of Jerusalem. Solomons Temple was believed to be the dwelling place of God. The Temple was a very complex structure, and because of its destruction there is no abundance of information upon its exact design. Therefore, most of the information that we have today is taken from the books of Kings and also from the books of Chronicles in the Holy Bible. In this paper, the Biblical references come from a New King James Version of the Holy Bible. In this paper we will examine the history behind Solomons Temple, its structure, and its downfall. A Brief Introduction to Solomons Temple In the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel came out of Egypt, Solomon built the Temple. The building of Solomons temple lasted seven years. The completion of the temple was in the eleventh year of Solomons reign. Although it underwent many changes and renovations, Solomons temple stood for nearly four centuries until its destruction in 586 BC. The temple was considered to be a divine presence; it included such things as the ark, the cherubim, and on very rare occasions a statue of Yahweh. It also contained objects used in Gods service such as the table of shewbread, and a lampstand. The altar was not included with the temple building but in an open court adjoining the temple. The format of the temple is laid out in the books of Kings and also in Chronicles. Solomons temple was designed to be a more magnificent shrine than any other in the land, one benefiting the wealth and splendor of the king himself. The History Behind The Temple The Temple was not built until the reign of Solomon, but significant steps had already been taken. To see this, we must first look at the life of David, the second chosen king of Israel and also Solomons father. David ruled as king for seven years, and he then established his throne in Jerusalem after overcoming the ancient Jebusite community that was there. His reign continued in Jerusalem for the next thirty-two years. David contemplated the erection of a shrine for the Ark of the Covenant. At first the prophet Nathan gave David approval to construct a temple, but the following night God intervened. Speaking to Nathan in a dream, God laid out for David an amazing covenant, which would establish the house of David forever. He also told Nathan of the temple that was to be built. Although David was not allowed to build the Temple, he amassed the means for the temple to be built. The task was to be given to his son, Solomon. After the death of his father David, Solomon issued the orders for the building of the First Temple to commence. The building of the Temple was a monumental task and in the four hundred and eightieth year after the people of Israel came out of Egypt, the construction began. This was in the fourth year of Solomons reign over Israel. In the fourth year of construction the foundation of the Temple was laid. Then the building of the House of God began. The Temples Structure The Temple was essentially a rectangular building erected on a platform, orientated east and west. It consisted of a porch (ulam) and two chambers, one behind the other (hekal and debir). The measurements of the Temple are given in cubits, with one cubit being approximately twenty inches. Within Solomons temple the cherubim and ark were contained in the inner sanctum; one table , a lampstand and an altar of incense in the outer sanctum; and a burnt-offering altar and water containers in the court. The Temple proper consisted of a porch beyond which was a large chamber, later called the Holy Place, and beyond this a smaller inner shrine, or the Holy of Holies, into which the ark was brought.

The Greater Western Sydney region is a culturally diverse population Essay

The Greater Western Sydney region is a culturally diverse population. Meeting the palliative care needs of this population poses - Essay Example 6). According to Taylor and Box (1999, p. 6), â€Å"it is recognized that a range of problems, including physical, emotional, social and spiritual may need attention† in palliative care. A multi-disciplinary team delivers palliative health care where the person wants it to be (Taylor and Box, 1999, p. 6). Thus, palliative care can be delivered in the person’s home, hospice, hospital, and a nursing home (Taylor and Box, 1999, p. 6). However, according to Taylor and Box (1999, p. 6), the primary caregivers in palliative care are actually the family, relatives, and friends of the object of care although a palliative care team provides the professional help. Perhaps, one of the most important concerns in palliative care is to reduce the pain associated with the illness or even the dying. Relief and alleviation of pain can be achieved through a range of â€Å"painkillers and other drugs, massage, meditation, aromatherapy, acupuncture, radiotherapy† as well as morphine tablets and skin patches (Taylor and Box, p. 6) Palliative nursing is practised in the context of significant human suffering in which the nurse is both a witness and a participant (Aranda, 2008, p. 573). This implies that the nurse is subject to stress and anguish just as the patient. Yet, improving the quality of life even in dying is a central goal of health care (Aranda, 2008, p. 574). ... ills, Blacktown, Blue Mountains, Camden, Campbelltown, Fairfield, Hawkesbury, Holroyd, Liverpool, Parramatta, Penrith and Wollondilly (Greater Western Sydney Economic Development Board, 2004, p. 1). The Greater Western Sydney Economic Development Board (2004, pp. 1 and 3) considers Greater Western Sydney to have a â€Å"culturally diverse population† of 1.8 million in 2003 that is projected to be at 2.2 million people in 2026, with an estimated population growth rate of +0.9% per annum. Greater Western Sydney’s estimated annual population growth rate of 0.9 % is higher than the population growth rate for Sydney and New South Wales of only 0.8 (Greater Western Sydney Economic Development Board, 2004, p. 4). Greater Western Sydney is the traditional home of the following aboriginal peoples: Eora/Dhawal, Dharug, Gandangara, Eora, Tharawal (Two Ways Together Regional Report, 2006, p. 7). The presence of Aboriginal groups in Greater Western Sydney is highlighted further by t he existence of four Aboriginal Land Councils: the Deerubbin Local Aboriginal Land Council, the Gandangara Local Aboriginal Land Council, the Metropolitan Local Aboriginal Land Council, and the Tharawal Local Aboriginal Land Council (Two Ways Together Regional Report, 2006, p. 8). According to the Two Ways Together Regional Report (2006, p. 8), aboriginal men compose 20% of the manufacturing male workforce, 13% of the construction male workforce, 10% of the retail male workforce, 9% of the transport and storage male workforce, 7% of property and business services male workforce, and 7% of the wholesale trade male workforce. Further, according to the same report (p. 10), aboriginal women compose 15.6% of the retail female workforce, 12% of the education female workforce, 10% of the property and business

English Composition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

English Composition - Essay Example e the effects on both the brain and the body; could be stated less awkwardly and better connected to the second part of the statement, we can begin to investigate the implications their drug usage has on random individuals within a community. Structure of the first paragraph is essential to the successful conveyance of the thesis, and to setting the parameters for focus on the thesis. While the topic, as suggested by the title and subtitle of the paper, give insight as to the purpose of the paper, it is a good idea to make clear the purpose of the paper. A clear and concise statement of purpose can be included. Here, it might be included in the introduction, following the thesis. The purpose can be stated as such, by saying, â€Å"The purpose of this paper is.† Here, your statement of thesis and purpose seem inextricably connected and combined. It would serve to add focus and a disciplined set of structural parameters to separate the purpose from the thesis. The structure of the body of the paper might begin with a focus on the community, the problems that exist as a result of meth use and manufacture. As stated in the thesis, the goal for understanding the signs and symptoms of the meth user is to facilitate and mitigate the domino effect that use on the community. Therefore, the organization of the body of the paper might begin with a discussion of the community, then, logically, lead into the avenues by which the user of the drug has access to the drug, i.e., manufacture of the drug within the community; and, then, the signs and symptoms of meth use that might help those who are, or will be, impacted by its use – the community – to identify the signs and symptoms associated with use of the drug. The paper covers the full range of concepts, but could be better structured, as stated above, to deliver a better organization and to provide a comprehensive discussion of the discussion, then, its ultimate goal – understand the signs and symptoms, to

Promoting Global Tolerance through the Film Industry Essay

Promoting Global Tolerance through the Film Industry - Essay Example But in much the same way, the media, of which film and television production is part could be used to propagate a lot of good acts and correct several wrongs (Hirschfeld, 2006, 69). It is in light of this that this present research work in the film and television industry is being conducted to identify ways by which movies could be used to foster global tolerance. By global tolerance, reference is being made to ethnic, religious, racial and cultural tolerance. In the current industry research therefore, I shall interview key players in the movies industry to seek from them ways by which movies can play the role of uniting the world and promoting global tolerance. Again, views shall be sought from the interviewees on whether or not it is necessary to have a regulatory body that should censor movies to ensure that their themes are directed towards the promotion of global tolerance. Furthermore, the efforts that have been put in place by movie makers so far shall be analysed. Sample I s elected one movie director, who is also a renowned scriptwriter and a film critic, who also doubled as a renowned film producer. The movie director and writer is Lenny Harvey, who works for Ultimate Paradise Movie Productions whiles the critic and producer is Frank Adams, who works for Graphic Motion Studio. I estimated that Harvey and Adams were people who knew all about movie production from its pre-production stage to the production stage and then the post production stage. To this effect, they were in an excellent position to provide useful data that were based on facts to the various questions that I had for them. The two interviewees were selected from two different movie production houses, which were Ultimate Paradise Movie Production in Texas and Graphic Motion Studio in Los Angeles. This was done to ensure fairness in the data collection procedure. Again, while answering questions from the interview, the interviewees were made to make references to only films and movies tha t had been done by other people and not to use their own works as reference points. This was also done to ensure a very high level of fairness and elimination of biases in the responds received from them. Data Collection Procedure As indicated earlier, I made use of interview as a data collection instrument for the research.The interview was considered very appropriate because the general approach to the research was a qualitative approach instead of a quantitative approach. Because this was a qualitative research, I wanted the data collection procedure to be based on ethical sentiments and awareness creation instead of statistical fact finding. This means that the use of interview was to afford I to ask a lot of leading questions that would set the tone of the research for a brainstorming exercise, aimed at finding an intervention to solve an existing problem. The interview conducted was a face to face interview that involved me, visiting the interviewees on a set date. This was do ne after permission was sought from the interviewees to seek their consent for the interview through a formal letter. An average of one hour was spent with each interviewee where I asked the interviewees various questions that bordered on how the movie industry can be used to sensitize the whole world on the need to ensure global tolerance in terms of cultural, ethical, racial and religious awareness and acceptance. Before the actual

Dry Yeast and Hydrogen Peroxide Acid Base Catalysis

Dry Yeast and Hydrogen Peroxide Acid Base Catalysis Mateo Rodriguez Abstract   Category: Chemistry The purpose of this experiment was to figure out if either acids or bases accelerate or decelerate the chemical reaction consisting of dry yeast and hydrogen peroxide. I am trying to prove that the more acidic or the more basic the reaction is, the more accelerated the reaction will be. Enzymes are very important to the human body because they speed up chemical reactions without being a part of it. Enzymes are made up of proteins which are important biological compounds in the formation of living organisms. The addition of an acid or base to yeast makes  a certain amount of bubbles to show how acidity or basicness affects the chemical composition  taking place in the reaction with the yeast. Without the addition of an acid or a base, the reaction is harmless to our bodies. The enzyme Catalase is used in everyday life as well. The protein found in the enzyme is easily changeable with the addition of another substance Among the materials that you need to conduct this experiment are five clear containers, a washable spoon, distilled water, a measuring cup, baking soda, lemon juice, and a set of measuring spoons. The six planned concoctions are control with no acids or bases, low-acid with one teaspoon oflemonjuice, high-acid with two teaspoons of lemon juice, low-base with one teaspoon of baking soda, and high-acid with two teaspoons of baking soda. You might even want to try a combination of both the acid and the base. Next, you must add a Y4 cup of hydrogen  peroxide into the glass. Then add a 1teaspoon of dry yeast and the reaction will begin. Record  your results carefully to track this marvelous experiment. In the end, the reactions that were further away from a neutral pH performed in a more decelerated rate. Therefore, the control, low-acid, and low-base reactions performed at a more accelerated rate than the high-acid and the high-base reactions. However, the combination reaction performed at an exponentially better rate than all other reactions. Although all the mixtures performed within the same range (besides the combination), it was simply due to the reactions being at a microcosmic scale. The experiment ended up proving my initial hypothesis completely incorrect. It would probably be a wise idea to use larger amounts in order to get more appreciable results. The bubbles formed because different atoms in the hydrogen peroxide and the dry yeast collided and then bounced away to be farther away than they were in the beginning. This microscopic change appears to us humans in the form ofbubbles. The enzyme Catalase found in dry yeast, is also found in our bodies organs; primarily the liver. What Catalase does in the liver is manage the graying of our hair. The more Catalase the faster our hair will gray, and the less Catalase there is the slower our hair will gray. Since Catalase is found in our crucial organs, doctors and scientists have done experiments to try and manipulate the enzyme. Their experiments primarily consist of the yeast acting against acids and bases as I did in my project. If this experiment were to be done on a more grand scale, it would sure affect and aid us in our everyday lives. Introduction The purpose of this project is to figure out if either acids or bases accelerate or decelerate the chemical reaction consisting of dry yeast and hydrogen peroxide. Enzymes are very  important to the human body because they speed up chemical reactions without being a part of it. This catalysis isnt just found in the human body, its also in most living things on Earth. Enzymes are made up of proteins which are important biological compounds in the formation of living organisms. The addition of an acid or base to yeast makes a certain amount of bubbles to show how acidity or basicness affects the chemical composition taking place in the reaction with the yeast. If you have ever mixed baking soda and lemon juice in an attempt to fight indigestion, you will see a basic chemical reaction between the two. Without the addition of acids or bases, the yeast reaction is quite harmless to our bodies. However, since we consume acids and bases almost every day, its a great idea to enlighten your self on just how our bodies are working. The main goal of this experiment is to fmd out how well the catalase in yeast breaks down acids and bases or vice versa. Hypothesis  and  Background  Research Acids and basses are two very common terms in many scientific fields, such as chemistry. Acids are chemical substances that dissolve some types of metal and turn litmus intro a red color because of them being of a pH lower than seven. They are typically a corrosive or sour-tasting kind of liquid. Bases on the other hand, are usually of a pH higher than seven and are the opposite of acidic substances. They accept hydrogen ions instead of releasing them such as acids do. Bases will also typically turn litmus paper into a sort of blue color. There are several different types of chemical reactions and changes happening around us in our everyday lives. The most common of these reactions occurs when a raw egg turns solid. This happens because an impressive amount of heat is applied to the raw egg which forms longer and stronger chains of protein molecules inside the egg. This reaction and several others that occur in our body rely on enzymes, which are basically special types of catalysts made up of protein. Catalysts are anything that speeds up an action without being used up themselves. Thus, an acid- base catalysis is the acceleration   of a chemical reaction by the addition of an acid or a base with the acid or base itself not being consumed in the reaction. Enzymes are not only found in human bodies, they are found in all types of living things including yeast. Yeast contains the enzyme known as catalase which breaks down the chemical hydrogen peroxide (H202) into  oxygen gas and water. This would be the react ion that will inform us about the amount of  bubbles formed from the acids and bases. This reaction will also show us how much the yeast has to work to break down the hydrogen peroxide when different substances are also added onto the concoction. Proteins can be changed when a specific amount of heat is brought upon it. Since enzymes are made up of proteins, they too can be changed by heat. However, what a majority of people do not know, is that the addition of acids and bases can also affect the way that a protein is put together. Both acid-catalysis and base-catalyzed reactions are used for their own unique purposes. A macrocosmic example of acid catalysis is the reaction and conversion of the hydrocarbon atoms found in petroleum to gasoline, and the creation of silicone. An example of a grand base ­ catalyzed reaction is the creation and conversion of several compounds and molecules used in the creation of foam sponges. The main reasoning behind this investigation is to discover how well the catalase enzyme in yeast can break down hydrogen peroxide after different amounts of acids and bases have been added onto it. For this experiment, my hypothesis is that the more acidic or the more basic the concoction made in the different cups is, the more bubbles will be made and the higher they will get. Procedure Materials The materials you will need for this experiment include: 5 clear glass containers of equal size (beakers or test tubes are ideal) Permanent marker Tape 5 clean spoons Distilled water Small clear cup/glass Baking soda Set of measuring teaspoons Measuring cup Hydrogen peroxide Dry yeast Ruler Lemon juice Variables         Ã‚   1. The rlcpcndent-ormanipulated variable in this experiment is the amount of lemon juice or baking soda poured into the different containers and thus, the acidity or basicity in each container. 2. The iodepor responding variable in this experiment is the height and amount of bubbles formed as a result of the chemical reaction. 3.   The controlled variable or the variable held constant in this experiment is the amount of yeast and the amount of hydrogen peroxide put in each container and the containers themselves. StepbyStep Directions 1. Label the containers: 1- Control, 2- Low Acid, 3- High Acid, 4- Low Base, and 5-High Base. 2. Put a spoon in each of the containers, and make sure to never move a spoon from one container to the other. 3. Add two teaspoons of distilled water to container 1- Control. 4. Stir in 1 4 cup of hydrogen peroxide to container 1-Control. 5. Stir in 1 teaspoon of yeast to container 1- Control. 6. Place the ruler alongside the container, and record the highest height the bubbles reach 7.Of the other containers, record predictions first, and actual results after on a chart. 8.   To create the acidic containers, add one teaspoon oflemonjuice to container 2- Low Acid and two teaspoons oflemonjuice to container 3-High Acid. 9. Add one teaspoon of distilled water to container 2- Low Acid so it is the same volume as con iner 3. 1O.Stir in V4 cup of hydrogen peroxide to containers 2 and 3. ll.Add 1 teaspoon yeast to both container 2 and 3. Stir and observe. 12.Record the maximum height ofthe yeast bubbles. 13.To create the basic containers, add one teaspoon ofthe baking soda solution to container 4- Low Base and two teaspoons of the baking soda solution to container 5- High Base. 14.Add one teaspoon of distilled water to container 4- Low Base so it has the same volume as container 5. 15.Stir in V4 cup ofhydrogen peroxide to containers 4 and 5. 16.Add 1 8 teaspoon of yeast to both container 4 and 5. Stir and observe 17.Record the maximum height ofthe yeast bubbles. (Compare your predictions with your actual observations) Results There were a plethora of things to be discovered from this otherwise simple experiment. The very flrst thing that you have to be aware of to do this experiment is that there will always be a change to an altered chemical reaction, no matter how small the alteration or the result. The result of each and every chemical reaction wasnt very different, but it was enough so that each showed a noticeable change. The temperature for each experiment I conducted stayed at approximately the same level throughout. The original height of the mixture was approximately 1 inch before adding the yeast. I performed three separate trials for each chemical reaction. The results were approximately the same for every trial I conducted of the different concoctions. The initial height of all the concoctions prior to adding yeast was approximately I inch. The constant reaction worked at the most accelerated rate, thus causing more bubbles to form on the mixtures surface. This occurred because of the fact that the enzyme Catalase works best at around pH 7, and this mixture was very near to the neutral pH. The foamy bubbles made the height of the concoction reach approximately 1.5 inches in an average whiskey glass. The bubbles reached their maximum height at a slow rate. This was true for a majority of the reactions. Control Reaction   Ã‚   The acidic reactions reacted in a very similar way to each other. The low-acid reaction acted in a very similar way to the control reaction in every single trial I conducted. The bubbles in this reaction reached a slightly lower height than that of the control reaction; approximately 1.2 inches. The pH of this composition was slightly more acidic; about a 6 or 5 on the pH scale. The pH being lower is what caused the bubbles to perform in a more decelerated rate. The high-acid reaction also performed at a lesser magnitude than the control reaction. The height of the bubbles reached a height of slightly more than 1 inch. Due to the fact that the high-acid reaction had a lower pH and strayed further from the desired neutral status, it performed the worst of all the reactions thus far. However, this reaction reached its maximum height in a shorter amount of time. Low-Acid  Reaction  High-AcidReaction The low-base mixture reacted in approximately the same way as the low-acid mixture. This is because the two mixtures were the same amount of pH away from the desired neutral pH. This concoction was at a pH of roughly 9 or 10. The height ofthis mixture was approximately 1.2 inches. Even though the amount of acid or base added to the mixture was the same, the one teaspoon of baking soda raised the pH more than the one teaspoon of lemon juice lowered the pH because the baking soda is a powder. It being a powder allows for the individual molecules of the substance to spread around the mixture more than the tangy lemon juice could. The high-base mixture reacted in a very similar way to the high-acid mixture. Again, this was because they  were the same amount away from a neutral pH. The pH of the high-base concoction was a pH of approximately 11 or 12. The maximum height of this mixture reached slightly more than 1 inch. This blend also reached its maximum height in a shorter amount of time than the others. Low-Base  Reaction  High-Base  Reaction Due to the fact that the different reactions reacted in quite a similar way to one another, I decided to conduct an additional experiment. This one consisted of one teaspoon of lemon juice and one teaspoon of baking soda in the beginning. This was to discover if a mixture of the two would accelerate or decelerate the Catalase reaction. I had previous knowledge that a mixture of baking soda and lemon juice resulted in a foamy liquid that helped with indigestion and to fight off minor cancer cells, so I put it to the test with the catalytic enzyme. This concoction reacted in a way like no other. The maximum height of the reaction was approximately 5 inches. This reaction also reached its maximum height quicker than any other reaction. The initial foam of the mixture of the acid and the base caused the yeast bubbles to be larger and whiter in color in comparison to the other reactions. Estimated  Height  of  Yeast  Bubbles Actual  Height  of  Yeast  Bubbles Control 2in. 1.5 in. Low-Acid 3 in. 1.3 in. High-Acid 4in. 1.1in. Low-Base 3.3 in. 1.35 in. High-Base 4.4in. 1.15 in. Combination 5 in. 2.5 in. Conclusion The results proved my hypothesis completely incorrect. I believed that the further away from neutral the concoctions got, the more accelerated the reaction would be. However, the complete opposite to what I believed turned out to be true. I was very surprised to see that every  planned reaction gave approximately the same results. That was why I decided to conduct an  experiment with usually counteracting substances; the acid and the ba::}if I were to do this  experiment again, I would use larger amounts in order to get larger and more visible results. The most plausible explanation of the yeast reaction is that the bubbles formed because the hydrogen and oxide atoms collided with the Catalase in the yeast and then bounced away. Due to the fact that the molecules bounced apart, a larger microscopic gap formed between the atoms. The way us humans see this minuscule separation is in the form of the Catalase bubbles. The way that this reaction could help us in our everyday lives i s actually quite simple. Catalase is found in a majority of human bodies; especially in the liver. What Catalase does in the human body is that  if there is more of it in the liver, your hair will gray at a slower rate or not at all, and if there is not a lot of Catalase in your liver, then your hair will grow at an exponential rate. Due to the fact that Catalase is found in one of our crucial organs, doctors and scientists have conducted  experiments to try and manipulate the enzyme in order to treat ailments in that region of the bodese experiments were simply on a microcosmic scale, which did not allow them to  perform in such a notable and appreciable way. However, on a larger scale, this type of catalysis would be truly helpful in our everyday needs. Bibliography Gray, Theodore. Molecules:TheElementsandtheArchitectureofEverything.New York City: Black Dog Leventhal, 2014. Print. Touchette, Betty. (2014, May 01). AcidBaseCatalysis. /www.education.com/science-fair/article/acids-bases-affect-enzyme-action/> Ruiz, Brianna. (2015, September 10). AcidandBaseCatalysis. Goodsell, David. (2004, September). PDB101:Catalase. 15

Setting of Eveline in James Joyces Dubliners :: Dubliners Essays

Setting of "Eveline" The setting of the short story "Eveline" by James Joyce goes far beyond the physical characteristics. The setting goes past being located in Dublin, Ireland in an old room. The setting greatly influences Eveline in many different ways. The setting entraps Eveline in this short story. The setting of the entire story is very plain. Nothing in Eveline's life ever seems to change. Most of the story takes place with Eveline sitting by the window in a very dull room. The room is filled with "the odor of dusty cretonne" from the curtains, and has a "yellowing photograph hung on the wall above the broken harmonium" (513). One would certainly not group these characteristics as exciting. Similar to the room, Eveline's life is very plain. Eveline is a product of her environment. She is trapped in this setting and does not know any other way except the way things are now for her. Her internal struggle will not allow Eveline to leave the setting that she is currently in. Eveline was brought up in a social environment of strict adherence to tradition and obedience. Eveline is forced to remain in this setting because of the promise that she made to her mother. Eveline had a chance to escape all this, but she doesn't take it because she is very conservative, and doesn't know any other way. Eveline's promise to her mother seems to cripple her in this setting. She can't move; she can't get out of it! Eveline feels that she must adhere to tradition and be obedient by living her mother's life. Eveline even says, "It was hard work-a hard life-but now that she was about to leave she did not find it a wholly undesirable life."(513) Eveline does want to get away from this setting, but she simply does not know any other way. Eveline tries to trick herself in to thinking that life isn't that bad. However, in reality she simply seems to greatly fear change because she doesn't know change. Dublin has become a part of Eveline. The setting is the only thing that gives Eveline a sense of security. She is too afraid to leave this setting; she is trapped. In Ireland, "she had those whom she had known all her life about her (512).

A Summary of Cubbin and Geroski

This article examines the nature of short-run dynamics in judging the profitability in the marketplace.   The authors state that the dynamics of profits in the inter-industry averages, even between companies in the same industry, can be extremely variable.That is, although it is assumed that there is some homogeneity that can permit comparison between company profits within and industry that can then be used to create an inter-industry average, this homogeneity does not, in fact, exist.It is apparent that this flawed assumption has its roots in the â€Å"shared asset theory of profit determination† posited by Porter (1979) as a method of determining performance in an industry (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987, p. 427).   The authors state that the flaw comes from assuming that the â€Å"intra-industry variations in profits are small and uncorrelated with market structure† (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987, p. 427), which, if this assumption is untrue, the industry-level analysis of the dynamics between companies is no longer of interest and is no longer of any value.In addition, Porter’s model seems to have failed to take into account the differences that exist between the industry leaders and the industry â€Å"followers† in terms of profitability and how that profit is made.The literature review for Cubbin and Geroski (1987) suggests that analysis of different industries show that market power gains are unevenly distributed between these leaders (the large firms) and followers (the small firms) in these industries and that the markets share that this power reflects is important in determining the relative profitability between companies (pp. 427-428).The authors indicate, however, that there are several assessment methods in terms of determining any individual organization’s profitability both on firm specific and industry-wide factors.   These factors include:Co-efficients on variables, such as market share and industry concentration.An analysis of variance (ANOVA) framework that deconstructs performance variables into effects created by industry, firm, and market share.A dynamic model, which the authors suggest that a co-variance might exist between â€Å"profit paths† across intra-industry firms (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987, p. 428).The authors’ state their intent at this juncture; indicating that they intend to examine the importance of industry effect on industry profitability in the United Kingdom (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987).   It is also at this point in the paper where the authors describe the form that the paper will take, explaining how the information will be organized and analyzed.The ModelThe model that the authors examined for the purpose of this paper is that of an individual firm (i) in a single industry (I).   The current profit rate for i is then compared for the equilibrium profit rate for I, over a long term.According to the authors, it is unlikely that the comparison of the profit rate s for   Ã‚  and I will be equal to one another over the period of analysis for one of two reasons: 1) that there is no equilibrium in the individual firm’s profit over the long term, or 2) that the equilibrium profit rate for the individual firm differs from that of the industry as a whole.   In addition, the ease or difficulty with which a firm can enter the market and other factors that affect doing business in that industry may have an effect over the rate of equilibrium profit.The authors maintain that the profit rate for the individual is determined by the equilibrium profit rate for the industry and â€Å"the dynamic forces that generate adjustment towards them within and between industries (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987, p. 429).Cubbin and Geroski (1987) go on to explain that one issue in this model is that tracking the factors that go into the dynamic may be impossible to measure, in part due to the difficulty in observing them.In addition, the actual entry of a firm in to an industry may or may not have an effect overall and may or may not lead to the existing firms in that industry–particularly, presumably, the leaders of that industry–to make strategic preemptive pricing moves that may effect the performance of the market before the new firm even has time to enter and disturb the equilibrium (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987).The authors propose a solution to control these variables.   They first define â€Å"entry† into an industry as being when 1) new firms enter the industry, 2) expansion of incumbent firms, and 3) as incumbent competitors attempt to block new firms by uniting their production and pricing efforts (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987).This definition was left broad to â€Å"include all systematic dynamic forces interacting with profits† (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987).   Entry might then have a strong impact if there are strong dynamic forces; however, weak dynamic forces result in the average industry profitability being af fected over a long period (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987).If a firm holds a strategic place in the industry and earns profits higher than those earned by others in the industry, then a response to this position might result in other firms in the industry might encourage â€Å"mobility† in the industry itself, with other new firms entering or incumbents restructuring to diversify (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987), which results in any of these actions having an effect on the individual firm.The basic model that the authors suggest using to analyze industry profits is arrived at after a series of equations that are eventually modified to take compare the vulnerability to the effects of entry on the part of the individual firm against the industry at large (Cubbin & Geroski, 1987), based on the movement created by firm and industry specifics.

Air Ticketing Essay Example

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Wind and Water essays

Wind and Water essays Events and changes I have seen in my life are what pulled my body to two sculptures by Gene Koss as soon as I entered the third floor of the Ogden Museum of Southern Art. Encased in glass and sitting on pedestals to the right of the elevator, two of his pieces, River-Dam-Run(1979) and Hurricane on the Bayou(2000), struck a chord within me about the beauty and hostility that mother nature could bestow upon us. I first concentrated on the glass and steel sculpture Hurricane on the Bayou. The use of the crystal clear glass and the jet black steel gave this piece a very cold feeling and sent a quick shiver up my back. Feelings of anxiety over the familiarity with the recent storms were quickly overcome as I could not help but to stare deep into the hypnotic swirls of transparent glass that encased darker whips of steel in the shape of a hurricane. It looked as if I placed my finger on the surface it would slide off as if it were gliding across a slip and slide. To the outside of this magnificent sphere was a protruding piece of glass at the top left in the same transparent shade. I thought of this as a piece of land. The sphere was supported by steel at the bottom, and its geometric lines formed a shape I perceived as a ship. Glancing up further, the steel pushed up into a semicircle which supported the structure at top. In amazement at how a piece of art could bring so many emoti ons of uneasiness and fear, I took my focus off the steel hurricane at the right center of the sculpture. Once again I thanked God that we had missed the wrath of Hurricane Ivan. As I walked over, I started to gaze at River-Dam-Run. The piece of land seemed ever so softly etched out with its indentations being at least as smooth as the running water that frequented it. One could assume that if you were to touch the canyon-like structure there would be a sensation of a warm, sun kissed summer...

How could culture affect international business Essay

How could culture affect international business - Essay Example usinesses across the business world, there are tiny variations in the way that each of these businesses are affected as per the exact mode of operation and specific cultural orientations of a given group of people (Becker 2013, p. 97). Therefore, this also takes note of the fact that different cultures have different impacts on the businesses. In light of this, an evaluation of the effect of culture on international business can shed more light on the issue with particular reference to German and Indian cultures. For effective intercultural business relations to take place, a business entity must understand the core beliefs that a culture strives to abide by. Due to this, international business with India requires a much more careful approach than with Germany due to the various cultural beliefs that Indians always abide by. In India, culture plays a very critical role in every situation down to the very basic forms of interaction that clients have to hold with customers. Greetings, gestures, body language and the basics of non-verbal communication all mean a lot when in the Indian context. This means that almost all the forms of communication that involve various forms of body movement have to be re-evaluated while in the context of Indian culture, or else the whole business interaction will be jeopardized, and this could hinder the proper delivery of a business concept or sealing of a business deal. Therefore, this highlights how the concept of business communication is greatly jeopardized as a result of cultural considerations. On the other hand, German culture is generally formal and is not heavily laden with various complex cultural connotations. This makes it a fairly easy and friendly community for business activities. Communication, which formed the major part of the issues that hinder effective business operations with Indian culture are well defined in the German culture. The communication systems are generally relatable and form the core of their way

Overcrowding and Inmigration in Miami Dade-County and USA Essay

Overcrowding and Inmigration in Miami Dade-County and USA - Essay Example The arrival of Cuban refugees in the 1960s created a foundation for Miami as the gateway for Latin America. Lucrative trading, banking, and investment opportunities have made Miami a hot destination for the population of Central and South Americans as well as Caribbean Island. It is fact that the fast growth of immigrations and overcrowding has transformed the social environment. And this creates pressure for the government to understand the significance of social tensions within a planning framework by considering how growth management policy is primarily concerned with the potential environment. (Gans, 1991) After Los Angeles and New York, Miami-Dade County is the third leading metropolitan area in terms of immigrants and overcrowding. In 1997 Miami-Dade County had one million foreign-born populations and now it has 48 percent of its population comprised of immigrants. After 1960s Miami has become the important destinations for immigrants as the ethnic change has greatly influenced the characteristics of the county as well as the United States. (MiamiHerald.com) Different opinions about the immigrants were doing round the corner since 1960s. Some believe that immigrants in some counties of USA are using welfare services disproportionately and paying low taxes because they are poor. Others argue that immigrants today are economically assimilating into the American mainstream. Then there are some who believe that immigrants are making positive contribution to the economies of these counties. Legal hawks claim that the immigrants to these counties not to use welfare, but because they are ambitious and want to work hard to achieve a higher standard of living. (Research Perspectives on Migration, 2001) From 1980 to 1981 the health centers in Miami were filled with Cuban and Haitian refugees. According to the Miami Health Center more than 5,000 refugees were